Having a global vision of the implications in the approach of a solar project of this type, it is convenient not to forget the context in which this activity is developed. Photovoltaic energy is divided into two very different segments that evolve unevenly: self-consumption and generation to inject into the grid system.
Self-consumption will have exponential growth in the coming years and then stabilize with stable growth for a decade. However, the situation does not seem so encouraging for the generation segment, as far as refers to the incorporation of new facilities. We are experiencing a large increase regarding connection permits and a depletion of the capacity assigned to non-viable projects. Valuing the committed capacity in relation to the installed capacity, or in execution, we may find ourselves in a situation that is not in line with the data obtained when quantifying all the MW that have supposedly been granted to develop, execute and produced.
Thus, we are in a situation in which the market is experiencing a fictitious saturation due to the approval of non-viable projects. The administration should intervene to regulate all those procedures that are not aimed at running a plant, avoiding the creation of parallel markets for auctioning access and connection permits. Until this happens, during the next years the approval of new projects and the authorization of new connection points will be irretrievably burdened.
Below we show the various purposes to produce electricity.
Self-consumption facilities connected to the network.
In this type of installation, the user continues to be connected to the electricity grid at the same time that he produces electricity through his photovoltaic installation. This modality allows the energy from the electrical network to be used when our plates do not produce. Within this modality we can differentiate two alternatives:
Installations with discharge of surpluses to the electrical grid: The consumer dumps the electrical energy produced by his solar panels and which he is not able to consume throughout the day. This modality allows the application of the net balance and is the most common today.
Without discharge to the grid.
Installations without discharge of surpluses to the electrical grid: The consumer who does not wish to dump their surpluses to the grid, must install an anti-discharge system that ensures that no energy is injected into the system. It is not the most recommended after the publication of the new Royal Decree. Now any Kw pumped to the grid can be discounted (not all) from you next electricity bill.
Remote self-consumption facilities.
The consumer is totally disconnected from the electricity grid and uses only the energy generated by his photovoltaic modules. This type of facility is usually accompanied by a set of batteries to store the surplus.
Other photovoltaic installations.
Solar panels for a company or business. The installation of solar panels in a company is very interesting, given that the peak hours of work coincide with the hours of maximum solar irradiation in most cases. This will allow installations of more than 100 kW where the net balance does not apply, can also be very profitable.
Solar panels for pumping or solar irrigation.
Self-consumption for solar irrigation allows the solar energy produced by the photovoltaic modules to be used to transport the water from a well to a tank through a hydraulic pump for agricultural purposes.
Solar panels for a motorhome.
The self-consumption installations in motorhomes allow the user greater independence as well as being very easy to install.
How long does it take to install solar panels?
Thanks to the simplicity of photovoltaic technology, the installation times of solar panels are very short compared to other systems. Therefore, the times of a photovoltaic installation for self-consumption in a home, can be done within a week in most cases of course it will depend of the quantity of Kws required, the number of panels to be installed, and the type of system self-consumption that we need for our home.
How much does it cost to install solar panels?
In 2020, the average price of a photovoltaic installation is around € 300-400 per m2 installed, with an average energy production of between 10 and 15 kWh per month per m2. Advances in the efficiency and cost of solar panels have led to an 80% reduction in prices from 2010 to 2019, allowing solar energy to become a viable alternative for all types of housing.
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